Managing available energy among multiple drones

ABSTRACT

Management of available energy among multiple drones is provided by identifying tasks to be completed by the multiple drones, and determining energy requirements of one or more drones of the multiple drones to facilitate completing one or more tasks of the tasks to be completed by the multiple drones. Further, the approach includes identifying an energy sharing approach for completion of the task(s) by the drone(s) where one or more other drones of the multiple drones transfer energy in operation to the drone(s) to facilitate completion of the task(s). In operation, the multiple drones may be detachably coupled, and the approach may include implementing the energy sharing approach by transferring energy from the other drone(s) to the drone(s) to facilitate completion of the task(s), for instance, prior to decoupling of the other drone(s) from the drone(s).

BACKGROUND

An issue to be addressed in a practical implementation of a drone (e.g.,unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)) based delivery system is that the currentstate of the art drones have limited carrying or payload capacity.Further, drones typically have limited travel ranges.

Currently, if a particular number of orders (or products) are to bedelivered at about the same time, then the same number of drones will beneeded (i.e., each order will be delivered by an individual drone), andin most instances, many if not all, of the drones used will have thesame carrying capacity and range. For instance, all the drones used maybe identical type drones. However, because the delivered products mayvary in size and weight, some of the drones may essentially beunderutilized and/or the overall power use or consumption of the systemwill not be optimized, potentially limiting the travel ranges and/orcarrying capacities of the drones.

SUMMARY

The shortcomings of the prior art are overcome and additional advantagesare provided through the provision herein of a method of managingavailable energy among multiple drones. The method includes identifyingtasks to be completed by the multiple drones, and determining energyrequirements of one or more drones of the multiple drones to facilitatecompletion of one or more tasks of the tasks to be completed by themultiple drones. Further, the method includes identifying an energysharing approach for completion of the task(s) by the drone(s) where oneor more other drones of the multiple drones transfer energy in operationto the drone(s) to facilitate completion of the task(s). In addition,the method includes determining a route for the multiple dronestraveling, at least in part, as a coupled collective of drones, anddetermining individual energy requirements of each drone of the multipledrowns to accomplish a respective tasks of the multiple tasks. Further,the method includes dispatching the multiple drones as the coupledcollective of drones, and transferring energy from the other drone(s) tothe drone(s) while in transit, where the other drone(s) has excessenergy than requirement to accomplish the respective task(s) of theother drone(s).

In another aspect, a system is provided for managing available energyamong multiple drones. The system includes a memory, and a processorcommunicatively coupled to the memory. The system performs a method,including identifying tasks to be completed by the multiple drones, anddetermining energy requirements of one or more drones of the multipledrones to facilitate completion of one or more tasks of the tasks to becompleted by the multiple drones. Further, the method includesidentifying an energy sharing approach for completion of the task(s) bythe drone(s) where one or more other drones of the multiple dronestransfer energy in operation to the drone(s) in operation to facilitatecompletion of the task(s). In addition, the method includes determininga route for the multiple drones traveling, at least in part, as acoupled collective of drones, and determining individual energyrequirements of each drone of the multiple drowns to accomplish arespective tasks of the multiple tasks. Further, the method includesdispatching the multiple drones as the coupled collective of drones, andtransferring energy from the other drone(s) to the drone(s) while intransit, where the other drone(s) has excess energy than requirement toaccomplish the respective task(s) of the other drone(s).

In a further aspect, computer program product for managing availableenergy among multiple drones is provided. The computer program productincludes a computer readable storage medium having computer readableprogram code embodied therewith, the computer readable program codebeing executable by a processor to perform a method, including:identifying tasks to be completed by the multiple drones; determiningenergy requirements of one or more drones of the multiple drones tofacilitate completing one or more tasks of the tasks to be completed bythe multiple drones; and identifying an energy sharing approach forcompletion of the task(s) by the drone(s) where one or more other dronesof the multiple drones transfer energy in operation to the drone(s) tofacilitate completion of the task(s). In addition, the method includesdetermining a route for the multiple drones traveling, at least in part,as a coupled collective of drones, and determining individual energyrequirements of each drone of the multiple drowns to accomplish arespective tasks of the multiple tasks. Further, the method includesdispatching the multiple drones as the coupled collective of drones, andtransferring energy from the other drone(s) to the drone(s) while intransit, where the other drone(s) has excess energy than requirement toaccomplish the respective task(s) of the other drone(s).

Additional features and advantages are realized through the techniquesof the present invention. Other embodiments and aspects of the inventionare described in detail herein and are considered a part of the claimedinvention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

One or more aspects of the present invention are particularly pointedout and distinctly claimed as examples in the claims at the conclusionof the specification. The foregoing and other objects, features, andadvantages of the invention are apparent from the following detaileddescription taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings inwhich:

FIG. 1 depicts one embodiment of a map with drone routes indicatedthereon, where the drones have available energy managed, in accordancewith one or more aspects of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a plan view of one embodiment of a drone configured tofacilitate management of available energy, for instance, when in acoupled collective of drones, in accordance with one or more aspects ofthe present invention;

FIG. 3 depicts a plan view of multiple drones in a coupled collective,where the drones have available energy managed, in accordance with oneor more aspects of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the coupled collective of FIG. 3, with two ofthe drones shown decoupling in operation from the other drones, andwhere the drones have available energy managed, in accordance with oneor more aspects of the present invention;

FIG. 5 depicts one embodiment of a process for managing available energyamong multiple drones, in accordance with one or more aspects of thepresent invention;

FIG. 6 depicts one embodiment of a computing system which may implementor facilitate implementing managed energy sharing among drones in acoupled collective, in accordance with one or more aspects of thepresent invention;

FIG. 7 depicts one embodiment of a cloud computing environment which mayfacilitate implementing, or be used in association with, with one ormore aspects of the present invention; and

FIG. 8 depicts an example of an extraction model layers, which mayfacilitate implementing drone energy sharing processing, in accordancewith one or more aspects of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The description that follows includes exemplary devices, systems,methods, techniques and instruction sequences that embody techniques ofthe present invention. However, it should be understood that thedescribed invention may be practiced, in one or more aspects, withoutthe specified details. In other instances, note that known protocols,structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not toobscure the invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art willappreciate that the described techniques and mechanisms may be appliedto various systems to facilitate a managing available energy amongmultiple drones, in accordance with one or more aspects of the presentinvention.

Further, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that one ormore aspects of the present invention are described herein by way ofexample only with reference to drone tasks centered on delivery oforders or products. Note that more generally, the drones may beperforming any identified tasks, such as, for instance, (aerial)surveillance of different geographic regions, as well as other tasks.The discussion herein with reference to delivery of product or orders,is provided by way of example only.

In one or more implementations, based on customer orders being received(e.g., by customers placing orders), products or goods may be loadedonto drones for delivery. In certain embodiments, each product may beloaded onto a respective drone. However, it should be understood that,depending on the size and weight of the products, multiple products maybe loaded onto a single drone when suitable (e.g., a single customer mayhave placed an order for multiple relatively small, light products). Theproducts may be loaded onto the drones at a first location, such as awarehouse where the products are stored.

Referring to FIG. 1, a map 100 of a geographic region is shown. On themap 100, the location of a warehouse (or first location) 102 and thelocations of multiple delivery points (e.g., customer addresses) 104-116associated with customer orders that have been received are shown. Inone or more embodiments, a main delivery route 118 may be determined,which will be used by a coupled collective of drones described herein.The main delivery route 118 may be determined in such a way that theoverall efficiency (e.g., with respect to energy consumption) of thedelivery system is optimized. As such, it should be noted that in theexample shown in FIG. 1, the main delivery route 118 is essentially inthe shape of a straight line extending through the middle of the variousdelivery points 104-116. Also shown in FIG. 1 are various secondary (orauxiliary) delivery routes 120-132, which are be used by the individualdrones to deliver respective products to delivery points 104-116. In oneor more embodiments, the system(s) described herein controls the dronesin the manner(s) described below and/or otherwise enables or causes thevarious functionalities described to be performed.

In one or more implementations, at warehouse 102 (i.e., the firstlocation), the products may be loaded onto the respective individualdrones, and the drones may be coupled to each other (e.g., as describedin greater detail below). Two or more drones coupled together in thismanner are referred to herein as a coupled collective of drones. Afterthe drones are coupled together, the coupled collective may leavewarehouse 102 and travel along the main delivery route 118, bringing thevarious products stored on the individual drones with them.

When the coupled collective of drones reaches an intersection of themain delivery route 118 with one of the secondary delivery routes120-132, one or more of the individual drones detach (or are detached)from the collective and travel along the respective secondary deliveryroute 120-132 to, for instance, deliver the product(s) stored thereon tothe appropriate delivery point 104-116. For example, when the coupledcollective of drones reaches the intersection of the main delivery route118 with secondary delivery route 120, one (or more) of the individualdrones detaches and travels along secondary delivery route 120 until itreaches delivery point 104, where, for instance, it delivers the productstored thereon.

In one or more embodiments, after (e.g., immediately after) theindividual drone detaches from the collective, the coupled collectivecontinues along the main delivery route 118. In the exemplary embodimentshown in FIG. 1, when the collective reaches the intersection of themain delivery route 118 with secondary routes 122 and 124, two moreindividual drones may detach and travel along the respective secondarydelivery routes 122 and 124 to, for instance, deliver products storedthereon to delivery points 106 and 108, respectively. After these dronesdetach from the collective, the remaining drones of the coupledcollective again continue along the main delivery route 118 towards theintersections of the main delivery route 118 with secondary routes 126,128, 130, and 132. At each of these intersections, individual drones maydetach from the collective to, for instance, make deliveries to deliverypoints 110, 112, 114, and 116 in the manner described above.

Thus, as the coupled collective travels along the main delivery route118, individual drones may detach, and depart, from the other drones andtravel to the respective delivery points 104-116. In one or moreembodiments, when the individual drones are connected to (and/or formpart of) the coupled collective of drones, they are able to travel(e.g., fly) in such a way that energy may be conserved as described ingreater detail below. As a result, the energy consumption of theindividual drones (or the collective of drones) may be minimized, and/orthe range of the individual drones may be extended (e.g., when comparedto the range of the individual drones if traveling detached from thecomposite drone during the entire delivery process).

Still referring to FIG. 1, it should be noted that the last delivery(e.g., to delivery point 116) may be made by only one drone remaining.That is, in certain embodiments, the number of individual drones may bethe same as the total number of tasks to be performed, such asdeliveries to be made (e.g., seven, in the example of FIG. 1). However,in one or more embodiments, the number of individual drones that formthe collective may be greater than the total number of tasks (e.g.,deliveries). In such an example, after an individual drone detaches fromthe collective to make the last delivery (e.g., to delivery point 116),there may be one or more individual drones still connected to (and/orpart of) the coupled collective.

After transporting the respective products to the delivery points104-116, the individual drones may return via the main delivery route118 to warehouse 102 or simply travel to another location. In one ormore embodiments, after making the respective deliveries, the individualdrones return to the main delivery route 118 and are reattached to thecollective, or to at least one other individual drone, before travellingto another location (e.g., the warehouse 102). However, in someembodiments, depending on various factors such as distance, energyconsumption, etc., the individual drones may travel to another locationwithout being reattached to other drones. Whether or not a particularindividual drone is reattached to another individual drone (and/or thecomposite drone) may be based on, for example, the distance between therespective delivery point and the warehouse (or another location wherethe drones are to be stored and/or retrieved).

For example, still referring to FIG. 1, the individual drone that makesthe delivery to delivery point 104 may return to the warehouse 102without being reattached to other individual drones because deliverypoint 104 is relatively close to the warehouse 102. However, becausedelivery points 114 and 116 are significantly farther away from thewarehouse 102, the individual drones that make deliveries to thosedelivery points may be reattached to each other (and/or to otherindividual drones or to the remaining drones of the collective) beforereturning to the warehouse 102 in order to, for example, reduce energyconsumption and/or extend the range of those individual drones.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of one embodiment of a drone (e.g., an individualdrone) 200, in accordance with one or more aspects of the presentinvention. In the depicted embodiment, drone 200 is a UAV type drone,and includes a fuselage 202, rotors 204, a payload compartment 206, anda frame 208. As is shown, in the depicted embodiment, fuselage 202 islocated at a central portion of the drone 200, and may include (e.g., inan interior compartment) a computing device or control 220, atransceiver (not shown), a power supply 222 (e.g., a battery), as wellas energy transfer lines 224 for use as described herein. Control 220may, for instance, facilitate control of the flight of the drone 200,the drop/release of product(s), or the performing of one or more othertasks, as well as the coupling of the drone to other drones, forinstance, in a coupled collective, and facilitate the managing ofavailable energy among multiple coupled drones, as described herein.

In the depicted embodiment, drone 200 includes four rotors 204 (e.g.,the drone 200 is a quad-copter), which are, for example, connected tothe fuselage and spaced in pairs on opposing sides of fuselage 202 in asubstantially rectangular configuration. However, it should beunderstood that drone 200 shown in FIG. 2 is just an example of the typeand shape of drone that may be used in the systems and methods describedherein. Other suitable drones may have different propulsion systems andshapes (e.g., hexagonal, circular, etc.) with coupling mechanisms(described below) spaced, for example, evenly around a peripherythereof.

Although not shown in detail, each of rotors 204 may include a propellerand an actuator (e.g., an electric motor) configured to cause thepropeller to rotate in a manner suitable to create sufficient lift tocause drone 200 to fly. Further, in one or more embodiments, rotors 204may be configured to rotate or tilt about one or more axis to enhancethe flight and/or flight control of drone 200. One or more of the rotors204 may be configured such that the respective propeller is rotated in aclockwise direction (as viewed in FIG. 2), while some may be configuredsuch that the propeller is rotated in a counterclockwise direction.Alternatively, rotors 204 may be configured to selectively rotate thepropellers in both the clockwise and counterclockwise direction.

In the depicted embodiment, the payload compartment (or payloadmechanism) 206 is positioned below, and may be connected to, fuselage202. Although not shown in detail, payload compartment 206 may be anycontainer suitable for storing products during the delivery process andmay include at least one actuator configured to release (or drop) theproducts when drone 200 is at a delivery point. For example, payloadcompartment 206 may include a door or shutter on a lower surfacethereof, which when opened, causes the product(s) stored therein to dropfrom payload compartment 206. Alternatively, the functionality providedby payload compartment 206 may be performed by a clamp or strap-likemechanism, which when opened, releases the product(s). Although payloadcompartment 206 is shown as having a smaller overall size (at least asviewed in FIG. 2), it should be understood that in some embodiments,payload compartment 206 may be configured to carry, or at least hold,products that have at least one dimension (e.g., a length) that isgreater than the lateral width of drone 200. Additionally, in someembodiments, multiple drones 200 may be attached to each other andutilize a single, shared payload compartment (e.g., for particularlylarge and/or heavy objects).

Still referring to FIG. 2, in the depicted embodiment, frame 208 issubstantially rectangular and extends around a periphery of, and may beconnected to, rotors 204. Of interest is that frame 208 includes acoupling system that is configured to couple or attach drone 200 toother drones in the manner(s) described herein. In the depictedembodiment, the coupling system includes multiple (e.g., four) couplingmechanisms 210, each of which is positioned on a respective side of theframe 208. Although not shown in detail, each of the coupling mechanisms210 may include one or more clamps (or other suitable mechanicaldevices) and/or magnets (e.g., electromagnets, permanent magnets, etc.)configured to cause drone 200 to become coupled (or attached) to otherdrones. The coupling mechanisms 210 may be shaped in such a way as tominimize wind resistance (or drag). Additionally, although not shown indetail, the drone 200 may include (e.g., within the coupling mechanisms)one or more sensors, such as a camera, that may be used to properlyalign drone 200 with other drones such that drone 200 can be attached toother drones during flight. Further, as described in detail below,energy transfer lines 224 may extend to or through coupling mechanisms210 to facilitate controlled sharing of energy between drones of acoupled collective of drones, as described herein.

As described above, in at least some embodiments, multiple drones 200are capable of being attached to each other to form, for example, acoupled collective of drones. FIG. 3 is a plan view of an example ofsuch a coupled collective 212 that may be formed by individual drones200. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the coupled collective 212 includes(and/or is made of) eight individual drones 200, arranged (or coupled)in a “2×4” configuration (i.e., two rows of four drones). However, itshould be understood that different numbers of individual drones 200, indifferent arrangements, may be used in other embodiments.

The individual drones 200 are coupled to each other, in one or moreembodiments, using coupling mechanisms 210 of drones 200. In particular,in the example shown in FIG. 3, each drone 200 is coupled to an adjacentdrone(s) 200 by coupling mechanisms 210 of the drones 200. Morespecifically, coupling mechanisms 210 of each drone 200 mate with and/orare aligned with the coupling mechanisms 210 of the adjacent drone(s)200. In some embodiments, the coupling mechanisms 210 generate a force(e.g., mechanical and/or magnetic) suitable to hold the individualdrones 200 relative to each other in a fixed and relatively rigidmanner. For example, in some embodiments, while coupled collective 212is in flight, coupling mechanisms 210 may hold individual drones 200together with a force sufficient to keep all of the drones 200 coupledto each other even if none of the rotors 204 on some of the drones 200are in use. As described above, in one or more embodiments, theindividual drones 200 may be coupled to each other to form coupledcollective 212 at a warehouse. In one or more other embodiments, thecoupled collective 212 may be formed in flight (e.g., after theindividual drones 200 have lifted off).

In some embodiments, the arrangement of the individual drones 200 in thecoupled collective 212 may be based on the delivery point (i.e., thelocation thereof) for the product(s) associated with each drone 200. Forexample, referring to FIG. 1 in combination with FIG. 3, drone 200 thatis assigned to make a delivery to delivery point 104 may be positionedat an outer portion (e.g., an end) of the coupled collective 212 becausethat drone is scheduled to be detached from the collective first. Incontrast, the drones 200 that are assigned to make deliveries todelivery points 114 and 116 may be positioned at an inner portion of thecollective because those drones are scheduled to be detached last.

It should be noted that the coupled collective embodiment shown in FIG.3 is as the collective may appear in flight. In particular, theoperational state of the rotors 204 of the individual drones 200 shouldbe noted, as some of the rotors 204 are shown as being in operation, asindicated by the depicted rotational arrows, and the rest of the rotors204 are shown as not being operated (i.e., not in use), as indicated bythe stationary appearance of the propellers of those rotors 204.Although all of the operational rotors 204 are shown as rotating therespective propellers in the same direction (e.g., clockwise), it shouldbe understood that in some embodiments, at least some of the propellersmay be rotated in the opposite direction (e.g., counterclockwise) inorder to, for example, maintain an appropriate amount of control of theflight of the coupled collective 212.

As depicted in the example shown in FIG. 3, eight of the thirty-tworotors 204 in the coupled collective 212 (or one rotor 204 on each ofthe individual drones 200) are being operated. As such, in the depictedembodiment, each of the individual drones 200 in the collective may beable to obtain flight using, for example, 25% of its maximum poweroutput (or consumption) when utilized in the coupled collective 212configuration shown. However, if the system determines that additionallift is needed, additional rotors 204 may be selectively utilized. Thus,in some embodiments, the coupled collective 212 of drones may have arange that is greater than that of the individual drones used to formthe collective. In one or more embodiments described herein, the drones200 are further configured and controlled to share and/or transferbattery power (and/or propulsion power), such as through the powertransfer lines and the coupling mechanisms.

As described above, such as with respect to FIG. 1, in one or moreembodiments, at various points along the main delivery route 118,individual drones 200 may detach from the coupled collective 212 todeliver the product(s) stored thereon to the delivery points 104-116.FIG. 4 illustrates the coupled collective 212 after two individualdrones 200 have detached from the coupled collective. The detaching ofthe individual drones 200 may simply be caused by disengaging theappropriate coupling mechanisms 210 and causing the selected drones 200to fly away from the coupled collective 212. Thus, it should beunderstood that in at least some embodiments, the individual drones 200are capable of detaching from the coupled collective 212 while thecollective is in flight.

As is shown in FIG. 4, after the two individual drones 200 havedetached, the coupled collective 212 includes the six remainingindividual drones 200. It should be noted that in at least someembodiments, after the individual drones 200 have detached, theoperation of the rotors 204 thereon may change. For example, as shown inFIG. 4, all four rotors 204 on each of the detached individual drones200 are now in use. It should also be noted that the operational stateof at least some of the rotors 204 of the individual drones 200 stillconnected to the composite drone 212 has changed (when compared to FIG.3). As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, the operationalstate of some of the rotors 204 may be changed in order to, for example,ensure the coupled collective 212 maintains a suitable amount of liftand/or appropriate control of its flight.

Although the two detached drones 200 are shown in FIG. 4 as beingindividually in flight, in some embodiments, some of the drones 200 maydetach from the coupled collective while still attached to each other.In other words, the detached drones 200 may form a second collective(i.e., the large coupled collective 212 may split into two or moresmaller collectives). Such functionality may be useful when one of theindividual drones 200 is carrying a particularly heavy product, in whichcase remaining attached to at least one other individual drone 200(i.e., “helper” drones) may allow the drone 200 carrying the heavyproduct to share power (e.g., battery power and/or lift generated byrotors). In such an embodiment, after the delivery of the heavy productis made, that particular drone (i.e., the one that was carrying theheavy product) may return to the warehouse (or proceed to some otherlocation), and the “helper” drone(s) may then continue to make their ownscheduled deliveries. However, it should be understood, that the“helper” drones may simply be used to assist other drones with makingdeliveries and not carry any products themselves.

Although not specifically shown, it should be understood that theprocess depicted in FIGS. 3 and 4 (i.e., individual drones 200 detachingfrom the coupled collective 212) may be performed in the reverse order,also while the coupled collective 212 and the individual drone(s) 200are in flight. More specifically, the individual drones 200 thatdetached from the composite drone 212 in FIG. 4 may be reattached to thecollective by, for example, returning to their respective locationsshown in FIG. 3 and reengaging the appropriate coupling mechanisms 210.However, in some embodiments, the individual drones 200 may bereattached in a configuration and/or an order that is different thanthat of the original coupled collective 212. This may be possiblebecause in at least some embodiments, all of the individual drones areidentical, or at least substantially identical, and/or have couplingmechanisms 210 on all sides thereof. That is, a particular individualdrone 200 may be able to be positioned, for example, within either aninterior portion of the coupled collective 212 or on one of the ends.

As noted, in one or more aspects, disclosed herein is a facility forintelligently managing and sharing energy between individual drones inoperation, for instance, in a coupled collective (or multi-dronecluster) to enable the drones to complete the assigned tasks. Generallystated, managing available energy among multiple drones may includeidentifying tasks to be completed by the multiple drones, anddetermining energy requirements of one or more drones (i.e., thedrone(s)) of the multiple drones to facilitate completing one or moretasks (i.e., the task(s)) of the tasks to be completed by the multipledrones. Further, the managing may include identifying an energy sharingapproach for completion of the task(s) by the drone(s), where one ormore other drones (i.e., the other drone(s)) of the multiple dronestransfer energy in operation to the drone(s) to facilitate completion ofthe task(s).

In one or more implementations, the determining may include determiningenergy requirements of the other drone(s) of the multiple drones tofacilitate completion of one or more other tasks (i.e., the othertask(s)) by the other drone(s), and using the energy requirements of thedrone(s) and the energy requirements of the other drone(s) inidentifying the energy sharing approach. In this embodiment, the othertask(s) to be performed by the other drone(s) may be one or more othertasks of the tasks to be completed by the multiple drones.

In one or more implementations, determining the energy requirements mayinclude determining a respective route for each drone, with eachrespective route including a route portion where the multiple dronestravel as a coupled collective of drones, and determining energyrequirements of each drone of the multiple drones for completion of arespective task of the multiple tasks to be completed by the multipledrones. Still further, the determining may include determining anylifting requirements for each drone of the multiple drones forcompletion of the respective task, and a total distance of eachrespective route of the multiple drones. In addition, the determiningmay include determining an expected amount of energy each drone willrequire for completion of that drone's respective task, and basedthereon, identifying the energy sharing approach to facilitate transferof energy from the other drone(s) to the drone(s) while in operation(e.g., while in flight) to facilitate completion of the task(s), whileretaining sufficient energy for completion of one or more other tasks bythe other drone(s).

In one or more embodiments, managing available energy among multipledrones may further include determining a route for the multiple dronestraveling, at least in part, as a coupled collective of drones, anddetermining individual energy requirements of each drone of the multipledrones to accomplish a respective task of the tasks to be completed bythe multiple drones. The multiple drones may be dispatched as thecoupled collective of drones, and energy may be transferred from theother drone(s) to the drone(s) while in transit, where the otherdrone(s) has excess power than required to accomplish the respectivetask(s) of the other drone(s).

In one or more embodiments, the multiple drones are detachably coupled,and the method further includes implementing the energy sharing approachby transferring energy in operation from the other drone(s) to thedrone(s) to facilitate completion of the task(s) prior to decoupling ofthe other drone(s) from the drone(s). In one or more embodiments, theother drone(s) may decouple in operation from the drone(s) to facilitatecompletion of one or more other tasks by the other drone(s). The othertask(s) may be one or more other tasks of the tasks to be completed bythe multiple drones. Transferring energy in operation may includetransferring electrical energy in operation to one or more powersupplies of the drone(s) from one or more other power supplies of theother drone(s) prior to decoupling in operation of the other drone(s)from the drone(s). In addition, the transferring of electrical energymay be through one or more coupling mechanisms coupling the drone(s) tothe other drone(s) in the coupled collective of multiple drones.Further, in one or more other embodiments, the drone(s) may havedifferent power supply requirements for completion of the task(s) fromthe other drone(s) for completion of one or more other tasks, where theother task(s) is one or more other tasks of the tasks to be completed bythe multiple drones, and the drone(s) may require transfer of electricalenergy thereto in operation (e.g., in flight) in order to complete thetask(s) and return.

In one or more other implementations, a method of managing energy in amulti-drone delivery environment is provided, which includes: managingmultiple drones using a computer system; identifying one or more tasksrequiring cooperation of the multiple drones; determining energyrequirements for each of the drones to complete the one or more tasks,the determining including ascertaining one or more routes of each of thedrones and any lifting requirements for each of the drones; andidentifying a number of drones and a power sharing technique between thedrones for completing the one or more tasks.

In one or more embodiments, the identifying of the number of drones andthe energy sharing approach for completing the one or more task mayinclude considering in a delivery system environment, a weight of thepackage to be delivered, and a distance to travel to complete the task.In one or more implementations, the method may further includedetermining the expected amount of energy each drone will require tocomplete its respective task, and transferring energy from one drone toanother drone based on the determination of the expected amount ofenergy each drone will need to complete its task. Note that thistransfer occurs while the drones are in operation, for instance, intransit, thereby allowing the drone(s) requiring additional energy tobe, for instance, topped off while in transit in order to complete thetask(s) in return.

In one or more embodiments, transferring energy from the other drone(s)to the drone(s) when the drones are in operation may occur when theother drone(s) is estimated to not need all of its stored energy tocomplete its respective task, and it is estimated that the drone(s) willrequire additional energy in order to complete its task. The method mayinclude considering various types of drones for inclusion in themultiple drones, where two or more of the drones may have differentpower supply capabilities. Note also that, as noted herein, two or moredrones of the multiple drones may be assigned to remain as a coupledcollective in order to complete a respective task requiring, forinstance, two or more drones to lift a particular package to bedelivered.

By way of further example, the energy managing process disclosed hereinmay include determining that one or more tasks require multiple dronesto cooperate for, for instance, optimizing efficiency or simply tocomplete the assigned tasks. As illustrated in FIG. 5, managementprocessing may determine how much energy will be required to completeall of the tasks. This may include determining routes for the multipledrones 500, including routes that will be taken while the drones areconnected together in a coupled collective, and ensuring that there isenough energy to complete all of the tasks. Drones or additional powersources may be added if necessary. The collective drone energyrequirement 510 is determined. By way of example, in FIG. 1, the totalamount of energy required would be the sum of energy needed for thesegment in which multiple drones travel together in the common routeplus the segments where the drones travel after they disconnect from thecoupled collective. In addition, the drones will either need to be ableto return back to the point of origin (e.g., warehouse 102), or meet andcouple back up as a coupled collective upon return. As explained herein,certain individual tasks, such as certain deliveries, could requiremultiple drones to remain coupled together in a smaller coupledcollective to manage the particular task, for instance, delivery of aparticular payload. The individual power requirement of each drone tocomplete its task may be determined 520. As discussed, the dronesdelivering the first packages in the example of FIG. 1 may needsignificantly less energy than those required to make the laterdeliveries (depending, in part, on their respective payloads). Thus, thedrones making the earlier deliveries could transfer energy to one ormore drones of the coupled collective in operation (e.g., in flight inthe case of UVA type drones) provided that those drones leave enoughenergy to make their respective trip back to the origin or collectionpoint. As understood, the payload, in the case of drone deliveries, willneed to be considered for each drone in order to determine the amount ofenergy required by that drone. The collection of drones is dispatched530, and energy may be transferred in flight from one or more droneswith excess energy to one or more drones requiring additional energy 540to top off while in transient those drones requiring the additionalenergy. Note in the example of FIG. 5 that one or more of the stepsindicated may be reversed, if desired. For instance, a collection ofdrones could be dispatched, and the energy sharing approach could bedetermined in flight, in one or more other embodiments.

Note that, in one or more embodiments, a drone may only be provided withenough energy to complete its individual task after decoupling from thecoupled collective drones. In such a case, the drone may meet up withone or more other drones return to the point of origin, or collectionlocation, as a collective to lower energy requirements, and/or furthershare energy. Where excess energy remains in the coupled collective uponreturn, the excess energy could be transferred to one or more otherdrones in the coupled collective on the return trip back to the originor collection point, to immediately allow those one or more other dronesto depart with another task upon return. Further, note that energy notneeded by one or more drones that will be needed by another drone(s) maynot be capable of being accepted by that drone at the time when thefirst drone disconnects from the coupled collective. This excess energycan be temporarily transferred to an intermediate drone in the coupledcollective, which then can continue to perform energy transfer to thedrone needing the additional energy prior to disconnecting itself fromthe coupled collective.

Those skilled in the art should note that a system of managing availablepower among multiple drones as described herein can take intoconsideration various types of drones in a fleet having different powersupplies. Further, the system can be implemented remotely, at least inpart, with the energy sharing approach being, for instance, implementedas a cloud based service. Further, in one or more embodiments, a masterdrone in the coupled collective could implement one or more aspects ofthe processing described herein, or a system, for instance, at awarehouse, could determine the desired energy sharing approach for aparticular coupled collective before the collective is dispatched.

Further exemplary embodiments of a computing environment to implementone or more aspects of the present invention are described below withreference to FIGS. 6-8.

By way of further example, FIG. 6 depicts one embodiment of a computingenvironment 600, which includes a computing system 612. Examples ofwell-known computing systems, environments, and/or configurations thatmay be suitable for use with computer system 612 include, but are notlimited to, a server, a desktop computer, a workstation, a wirelesscomputer, a handheld or laptop computer or device, a mobile phone, aprogrammable consumer electronic device, a tablet, a personal digitalassistant (PDA), and the like.

Computing system 612 may be described in the general context of computersystem-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executedby a computer system. Generally, program modules may include routines,programs, objects, components, logic, data structures, and so on thatperform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types.

As depicted in FIG. 6, computing system 612, is shown in the form of ageneral-purpose computing device. The components of computing system 612may include, but are not limited to, one or more processors orprocessing units 616, a system memory 623, and a bus 618 that couplesvarious system components including system memory 623 to processor 616.

In one embodiment, processor 616 may be based on the z/Architecture®offered by International Business Machines Corporation, or otherarchitectures offered by International Business Machines Corporation orother companies. z/Architecture® is a registered trademark ofInternational Business Machines Corporation, Armonk, N.Y., USA. Oneembodiment of the z/Architecture® is described in “z/Architecture®Principles of Operation,” IBM Publication No. SA22-7832-10, March 2015,which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

In other examples, it may be based on other architectures, such as thePower Architecture offered by International Business MachinesCorporation. One embodiment of the Power Architecture is described in“Power ISA™ Version 2.07B,” International Business Machines Corporation,Apr. 9, 2015, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in itsentirety. POWER ARCHITECTURE is a registered trademark of InternationalBusiness Machines Corporation, Armonk, N.Y., USA. Other names usedherein may be registered trademarks, trademarks, or product names ofInternational Business Machines Corporation or other companies.

Bus 618 represents one or more of any of several types of busstructures, including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheralbus, an accelerated graphics port, and a processor or local bus usingany of a variety of bus architectures. By way of example, and notlimitation, such architectures include Industry Standard Architecture(ISA) bus, Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) bus, Enhanced ISA (EISA)bus, Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) local bus, andPeripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus.

Computing system 612 may include a variety of computer system readablemedia. Such media may be any available media that is accessible bycomputing system 612, and it includes both volatile and non-volatilemedia, removable and non-removable media.

System memory 623 can include computer system readable media in the formof volatile memory, such as random access memory (RAM) 630 and/or cachememory 632. Computing system 612 may further include otherremovable/non-removable, volatile/non-volatile computer system storagemedia. By way of example only, storage system 634 can be provided forreading from and writing to a non-removable, non-volatile magnetic media(not shown and typically called a “hard drive”). Although not shown, amagnetic disk drive for reading from and writing to a removable,non-volatile magnetic disk (e.g., a “floppy disk”), and an optical diskdrive for reading from or writing to a removable, non-volatile opticaldisk such as a CD-ROM, DVD-ROM or other optical media could be provided.In such instances, each can be connected to bus 618 by one or more datamedia interfaces. As described below, memory 623 may include at leastone program product having a set (e.g., at least one) of program modulesthat are configured to carry out the functions of embodiments of theinvention.

Program/utility 640, having a set (at least one) of program modules 642,may be stored in memory 632 by way of example, and not limitation, aswell as an operating system, one or more application programs, otherprogram modules, and program data. Each of the operating system, one ormore application programs, other program modules, and program data orsome combination thereof, may include an implementation of a networkingenvironment. Program modules 642 generally carry out the functionsand/or methodologies of embodiments of the invention as describedherein. Alternatively, an energy sharing system, module, logic, etc.,601 may be provided within computing environment 612 for managing energyamong multiple drones as described herein.

Computing system 612 may also communicate with one or more externaldevices 614 such as a keyboard, a pointing device, a display 624, etc.;one or more devices that enable a user to interact with computing system612; and/or any devices (e.g., network card, modem, etc.) that enablecomputing system 612 to communicate with one or more other computingdevices. Such communication can occur via Input/Output (I/O) interfaces622. Still yet, computing system 612 can communicate with one or morenetworks such as a local area network (LAN), a general wide area network(WAN), and/or a public network (e.g., the Internet) via network adapter620. As depicted, network adapter 620 communicates with the othercomponents of computing system, 612, via bus 618. It should beunderstood that although not shown, other hardware and/or softwarecomponents could be used in conjunction with computing system 612.Examples, include, but are not limited to: microcode, device drivers,redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems,tape drives, and data archival storage systems, etc.

One or more aspects may relate to or use cloud computing.

It is understood in advance that although this disclosure includes adetailed description on cloud computing, implementation of certainteachings recited herein are not limited to a cloud computingenvironment. Rather, embodiments of the present invention are capable ofbeing implemented in conjunction with any other type of computingenvironment now known or later developed.

Cloud computing is a model of service delivery for enabling convenient,on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computingresources (e.g. networks, network bandwidth, servers, processing,memory, storage, applications, virtual machines, and services) that canbe rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort orinteraction with a provider of the service. This cloud model may includeat least five characteristics, at least three service models, and atleast four deployment models.

Characteristics are as follows:

On-demand self-service: a cloud consumer can unilaterally provisioncomputing capabilities, such as server time and network storage, asneeded automatically without requiring human interaction with theservice's provider.

Broad network access: capabilities are available over a network andaccessed through standard mechanisms that promote use by heterogeneousthin or thick client platforms (e.g., mobile phones, laptops, and PDAs).

Resource pooling: the provider's computing resources are pooled to servemultiple consumers using a multi-tenant model, with different physicaland virtual resources dynamically assigned and reassigned according todemand. There is a sense of location independence in that the consumergenerally has no control or knowledge over the exact location of theprovided resources but may be able to specify location at a higher levelof abstraction (e.g., country, state, or datacenter).

Rapid elasticity: capabilities can be rapidly and elasticallyprovisioned, in some cases automatically, to quickly scale out andrapidly released to quickly scale in. To the consumer, the capabilitiesavailable for provisioning often appear to be unlimited and can bepurchased in any quantity at any time.

Measured service: cloud systems automatically control and optimizeresource use by leveraging a metering capability at some level ofabstraction appropriate to the type of service (e.g., storage,processing, bandwidth, and active user accounts). Resource usage can bemonitored, controlled, and reported providing transparency for both theprovider and consumer of the utilized service.

Service Models are as follows:

Software as a Service (SaaS): the capability provided to the consumer isto use the provider's applications running on a cloud infrastructure.The applications are accessible from various client devices through athin client interface such as a web browser (e.g., web-based email). Theconsumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructureincluding network, servers, operating systems, storage, or evenindividual application capabilities, with the possible exception oflimited user-specific application configuration settings.

Platform as a Service (PaaS): the capability provided to the consumer isto deploy onto the cloud infrastructure consumer-created or acquiredapplications created using programming languages and tools supported bythe provider. The consumer does not manage or control the underlyingcloud infrastructure including networks, servers, operating systems, orstorage, but has control over the deployed applications and possiblyapplication hosting environment configurations.

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): the capability provided to theconsumer is to provision processing, storage, networks, and otherfundamental computing resources where the consumer is able to deploy andrun arbitrary software, which can include operating systems andapplications. The consumer does not manage or control the underlyingcloud infrastructure but has control over operating systems, storage,deployed applications, and possibly limited control of select networkingcomponents (e.g., host firewalls).

Deployment Models are as follows:

Private cloud: the cloud infrastructure is operated solely for anorganization. It may be managed by the organization or a third party andmay exist on-premises or off-premises.

Community cloud: the cloud infrastructure is shared by severalorganizations and supports a specific community that has shared concerns(e.g., mission, security requirements, policy, and complianceconsiderations). It may be managed by the organizations or a third partyand may exist on-premises or off-premises.

Public cloud: the cloud infrastructure is made available to the generalpublic or a large industry group and is owned by an organization sellingcloud services.

Hybrid cloud: the cloud infrastructure is a composition of two or moreclouds (private, community, or public) that remain unique entities butare bound together by standardized or proprietary technology thatenables data and application portability (e.g., cloud bursting forload-balancing between clouds).

A cloud computing environment is service oriented with a focus onstatelessness, low coupling, modularity, and semantic interoperability.At the heart of cloud computing is an infrastructure comprising anetwork of interconnected nodes.

A cloud computing node may include a computer system/server, such as theone depicted in FIG. 6. Computer system/server 612 of FIG. 6 may bepracticed in distributed cloud computing environments where tasks areperformed by remote processing devices that are linked through acommunications network. In a distributed cloud computing environment,program modules may be located in both local and remote computer systemstorage media including memory storage devices. Computer system/server612 is capable of being implemented and/or performing any of thefunctionality set forth hereinabove.

Referring now to FIG. 7, illustrative cloud computing environment 50 isdepicted. As shown, cloud computing environment 50 comprises one or morecloud computing nodes 10 with which local computing devices used bycloud consumers, such as, for example, personal digital assistant (PDA)or cellular telephone 54A, desktop computer 54B, laptop computer 54C,and/or in, for instance, delivery computer systems, such as, those in awarehouse(s) (or other points of origin for deliveries) 54D and/ordrone(s) 54E, may communicate. Nodes 10 may communicate with oneanother. They may be grouped (not shown) physically or virtually, in oneor more networks, such as Private, Community, Public, or Hybrid cloudsas described hereinabove, or a combination thereof. This allows cloudcomputing environment 50 to offer infrastructure, platforms and/orsoftware as services for which a cloud consumer does not need tomaintain resources on a local computing device. It is understood thatthe types of computing devices 54A-E shown in FIG. 7 are intended to beillustrative only and that computing nodes 10 and cloud computingenvironment 50 can communicate with any type of computerized device overany type of network and/or network addressable connection (e.g., using aweb browser).

Referring to FIG. 8, a set of functional abstraction layers provided bycloud computing environment 50 (FIG. 7) is shown. It should beunderstood in advance that the components, layers, and functions shownin FIG. 8 are intended to be illustrative only and embodiments of theinvention are not limited thereto. As depicted, the following layers andcorresponding functions are provided:

Hardware and software layer 60 includes hardware and softwarecomponents. Examples of hardware components include mainframes 61; RISC(Reduced Instruction Set Computer) architecture based servers 62;servers 63; blade servers 64; storage devices 65; and networks andnetworking components 66. In some embodiments, software componentsinclude network application server software 67 and database software 68.

Virtualization layer 70 provides an abstraction layer from which thefollowing examples of virtual entities may be provided: virtual servers71; virtual storage 72; virtual networks 73, including virtual privatenetworks; virtual applications and operating systems 74; and virtualclients 75.

In one example, management layer 80 may provide the functions describedbelow. Resource provisioning 81 provides dynamic procurement ofcomputing resources and other resources that are utilized to performtasks within the cloud computing environment. Metering and Pricing 82provide cost tracking as resources are utilized within the cloudcomputing environment, and billing or invoicing for consumption of theseresources. In one example, these resources may comprise applicationsoftware licenses. Security provides identity verification for cloudconsumers and tasks, as well as protection for data and other resources.User portal 83 provides access to the cloud computing environment forconsumers and system administrators. Service level management 84provides cloud computing resource allocation and management such thatrequired service levels are met. Service Level Agreement (SLA) planningand fulfillment 85 provide pre-arrangement for, and procurement of,cloud computing resources for which a future requirement is anticipatedin accordance with an SLA.

Workloads layer 90 provides examples of functionality for which thecloud computing environment may be utilized. Examples of workloads andfunctions which may be provided from this layer include: mapping andnavigation 91; software development and lifecycle management 92; virtualclassroom education delivery 93; data analytics processing 94;transaction processing 95; and, in the context of the illustratedembodiments of the present invention, energy sharing processing 96 forvarious workloads and functions for managing and controlling drones, andin particular, for managing available power among multiple drones in thecontext of performing respective tasks by the drones, such as, forinstance, making deliveries. One of ordinary skill in the art willappreciate that the energy sharing processing 96 may also work inconjunction with other portions of the various subtraction layers, suchas those in hardware and software 60, virtualization 70, management 80,and other workloads 90 (such as data analytics processing 94, forexample) to accomplish the various purposes of the illustratedembodiments of the present invention.

The descriptions of the various embodiments of the present inventionhave been presented for purposes of illustration, but are not intendedto be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Manymodifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinaryskills in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of thedescribed embodiments. The terminology used herein was chosen to bestexplain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application ortechnical improvement over technologies found in the marketplace, or toenable others of ordinary skills in the art to understand theembodiments disclosed herein.

The present invention may be a system, a method, and/or a computerprogram product at any possible technical detail level of integration.The computer program product may include a computer readable storagemedium (or media) having computer readable program instructions thereonfor causing a processor to carry out aspects of the present invention.

The computer readable storage medium can be a tangible device that canretain and store instructions for use by an instruction executiondevice. The computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but isnot limited to, an electronic storage device, a magnetic storage device,an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, asemiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of theforegoing. A non-exhaustive list of more specific examples of thecomputer readable storage medium includes the following: a portablecomputer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), aread-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROMor Flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portablecompact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disk (DVD),a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanically encoded device such aspunch-cards or raised structures in a groove having instructionsrecorded thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. Acomputer readable storage medium, as used herein, is not to be construedas being transitory signals per se, such as radio waves or other freelypropagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagatingthrough a waveguide or other transmission media (e.g., light pulsespassing through a fiber-optic cable), or electrical signals transmittedthrough a wire.

Computer readable program instructions described herein can bedownloaded to respective computing/processing devices from a computerreadable storage medium or to an external computer or external storagedevice via a network, for example, the Internet, a local area network, awide area network and/or a wireless network. The network may comprisecopper transmission cables, optical transmission fibers, wirelesstransmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers and/oredge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in eachcomputing/processing device receives computer readable programinstructions from the network and forwards the computer readable programinstructions for storage in a computer readable storage medium withinthe respective computing/processing device.

Computer readable program instructions for carrying out operations ofthe present invention may be assembler instructions,instruction-set-architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions,machine dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions,state-setting data, configuration data for integrated circuitry, oreither source code or object code written in any combination of one ormore programming languages, including an object oriented programminglanguage such as Smalltalk, C++, or the like, and procedural programminglanguages, such as the “C” programming language or similar programminglanguages. The computer readable program instructions may executeentirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as astand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partlyon a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. Inthe latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user'scomputer through any type of network, including a local area network(LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or the connection may be made to anexternal computer (for example, through the Internet using an InternetService Provider). In some embodiments, electronic circuitry including,for example, programmable logic circuitry, field-programmable gatearrays (FPGA), or programmable logic arrays (PLA) may execute thecomputer readable program instructions by utilizing state information ofthe computer readable program instructions to personalize the electroniccircuitry, in order to perform aspects of the present invention.

Aspects of the present invention are described herein with reference toflowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus(systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of theinvention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchartillustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in theflowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented bycomputer readable program instructions.

These computer readable program instructions may be provided to aprocessor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, orother programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, suchthat the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computeror other programmable data processing apparatus, create means forimplementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or blockdiagram block or blocks. These computer readable program instructionsmay also be stored in a computer readable storage medium that can directa computer, a programmable data processing apparatus, and/or otherdevices to function in a particular manner, such that the computerreadable storage medium having instructions stored therein comprises anarticle of manufacture including instructions which implement aspects ofthe function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram blockor blocks.

The computer readable program instructions may also be loaded onto acomputer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other deviceto cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer,other programmable apparatus or other device to produce a computerimplemented process, such that the instructions which execute on thecomputer, other programmable apparatus, or other device implement thefunctions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block orblocks.

The flowchart and block diagrams in the Figures illustrate thearchitecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementationsof systems, methods, and computer program products according to variousembodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in theflowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portionof instructions, which comprises one or more executable instructions forimplementing the specified logical function(s). In some alternativeimplementations, the functions noted in the blocks may occur out of theorder noted in the Figures. For example, two blocks shown in successionmay, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks maysometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon thefunctionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of theblock diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocksin the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implementedby special purpose hardware-based systems that perform the specifiedfunctions or acts or carry out combinations of special purpose hardwareand computer instructions.

In addition to the above, one or more aspects may be provided, offered,deployed, managed, serviced, etc. by a service provider who offersmanagement of customer environments. For instance, the service providercan create, maintain, support, etc. computer code and/or a computerinfrastructure that performs one or more aspects for one or morecustomers. In return, the service provider may receive payment from thecustomer under a subscription and/or fee agreement, as examples.Additionally or alternatively, the service provider may receive paymentfrom the sale of advertising content to one or more third parties.

In one aspect, an application may be deployed for performing one or moreembodiments. As one example, the deploying of an application comprisesproviding computer infrastructure operable to perform one or moreembodiments.

As a further aspect, a computing infrastructure may be deployedcomprising integrating computer readable code into a computing system,in which the code in combination with the computing system is capable ofperforming one or more embodiments.

As yet a further aspect, a process for integrating computinginfrastructure comprising integrating computer readable code into acomputer system may be provided. The computer system comprises acomputer readable medium, in which the computer medium comprises one ormore embodiments. The code in combination with the computer system iscapable of performing one or more embodiments.

Although various embodiments are described above, these are onlyexamples. For example, computing environments of other architectures canbe used to incorporate and use one or more embodiments. Further,different instructions, instruction formats, instruction fields and/orinstruction values may be used. Many variations are possible.

Further, other types of computing environments can benefit and be used.As an example, a data processing system suitable for storing and/orexecuting program code is usable that includes at least two processorscoupled directly or indirectly to memory elements through a system bus.The memory elements include, for instance, local memory employed duringactual execution of the program code, bulk storage, and cache memorywhich provide temporary storage of at least some program code in orderto reduce the number of times code must be retrieved from bulk storageduring execution.

Input/Output or I/O devices (including, but not limited to, keyboards,displays, pointing devices, DASD, tape, CDs, DVDs, thumb drives andother memory media, etc.) can be coupled to the system either directlyor through intervening I/O controllers. Network adapters may also becoupled to the system to enable the data processing system to becomecoupled to other data processing systems or remote printers or storagedevices through intervening private or public networks. Modems, cablemodems, and Ethernet cards are just a few of the available types ofnetwork adapters.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particularembodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Asused herein, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended toinclude the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicatesotherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprise” (andany form of comprise, such as “comprises” and “comprising”), “have” (andany form of have, such as “has” and “having”), “include” (and any formof include, such as “includes” and “including”), and “contain” (and anyform contain, such as “contains” and “containing”) are open-endedlinking verbs. As a result, a method or device that “comprises”, “has”,“includes” or “contains” one or more steps or elements possesses thoseone or more steps or elements, but is not limited to possessing onlythose one or more steps or elements. Likewise, a step of a method or anelement of a device that “comprises”, “has”, “includes” or “contains”one or more features possesses those one or more features, but is notlimited to possessing only those one or more features. Furthermore, adevice or structure that is configured in a certain way is configured inat least that way, but may also be configured in ways that are notlisted.

The corresponding structures, materials, acts, and equivalents of allmeans or step plus function elements in the claims below, if any, areintended to include any structure, material, or act for performing thefunction in combination with other claimed elements as specificallyclaimed. The description of the present invention has been presented forpurposes of illustration and description, but is not intended to beexhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Manymodifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skillin the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain theprinciples of one or more aspects of the invention and the practicalapplication, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art tounderstand one or more aspects of the invention for various embodimentswith various modifications as are suited to the particular usecontemplated.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of managing available energy amongmultiple drones, the method comprising: identifying tasks to becompleted by the multiple drones; determining energy requirements of oneor more drones of the multiple drones to facilitate completing one ormore tasks of the tasks to be completed by the multiple drones;identifying an energy sharing approach for completion of the task(s) bythe drone(s) where one or more other drones of the multiple dronestransfer energy in operation to the drone(s) to facilitate completion ofthe task(s); determining a route for the multiple drones traveling, atleast in part, as a coupled collective of drones; determining individualenergy requirements of each drone of the multiple drones to accomplish arespective task of the multiple tasks; dispatching the multiple dronesas the coupled collective of drones; and transferring energy from theother drone(s) to the drone(s) while in transit, where the otherdrone(s) has excess energy than required to accomplish the respectivetask(s) of the other drone(s).
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein themethod further comprises using the energy requirements of the drone(s)and the energy requirements of the other drone(s) in identifying theenergy sharing approach, the other task(s) being one or more other tasksof the tasks to be completed by the multiple drones.
 3. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the determining includes determining a respective routefor each drone, each respective route including a route portion wherethe multiple drones travel as a coupled collective of drones, and thedetermining comprises determining energy requirements of each drone ofthe multiple drones for completion of a respective task of the multipletasks to be completed by the multiple drones.
 4. The method of claim 3,wherein the determining further comprises determining any liftingrequirements for each drone of the multiple drones for completion of therespective task and a total distance of each respective route of themultiple drones, and determining an expected amount of energy each dronewill require for completion of the drone's respective task, and basedthereon, identifying the energy sharing approach to facilitate transferof energy from the other drone(s) to the drone(s) while in operation tofacilitate completion of the task(s), while retaining sufficient energyfor completion of one or more other tasks by the other drone(s), theother task(s) being one or more other tasks of the tasks to be completedby the multiple drones.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the drone(s)have different power supply requirements for completion of the task(s)from the other drone(s) for completion of one or more other tasks, theother task(s) being one or more other tasks of the tasks to be completedby the multiple drones, and wherein the drone(s) requires transfer ofelectrical energy thereto in operation in order to complete the task(s)and return.
 6. A system for managing available energy among multipledrones, the system comprising: a memory; and a processor communicativelycoupled to the memory, wherein the system performs a method comprising;identifying tasks to be completed by the multiple drones: determiningenergy requirements of one or more drones of the multiple drones tofacilitate completing one or more tasks of the tasks to be completed bythe multiple drones; identifying an energy sharing approach forcompletion of the task(s) by the drone(s) where one or more other dronesof the multiple drones transfer energy in operation to the drone(s) tofacilitate completion of the task(s); determining a route for themultiple drones traveling, at least in part, as a coupled collective ofdrones; determining individual energy requirements of each drone of themultiple drones to accomplish a respective task of the multiple tasks;dispatching the multiple drones as the coupled collective of drones; andtransferring energy from the other drone(s) to the drone(s) while intransit, where the other drone(s) has excess energy than required toaccomplish the respective task(s) of the other drone(s).
 7. The systemof claim 6, wherein the method further comprises using the energyrequirements of the drone(s) and the energy requirements of the otherdrone(s) in identifying the energy sharing approach, the other task(s)being one or more other tasks of the tasks to be completed by themultiple drones.
 8. The system of claim 6, wherein the determiningincludes determining a respective route for each drone, each respectiveroute including a route portion where the multiple drones travel as acoupled collective of drones, and the determining comprises determiningenergy requirements of each drone of the multiple drones for completionof a respective task of the multiple tasks to be completed by themultiple drones.
 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the determiningfurther comprises determining any lifting requirements for each drone ofthe multiple drones for completion of the respective task and a totaldistance of each respective route of the multiple drones, anddetermining an expected amount of energy each drone will require forcompletion of the drone's respective task, and based thereon,identifying the energy sharing approach to facilitate transfer of energyfrom the other drone(s) to the drone(s) while in operation to facilitatecompletion of the task(s), while retaining sufficient energy forcompletion of one or more other tasks by the other drone(s), the othertask(s) being one or more other tasks of the tasks to be completed bythe multiple drones.
 10. The system of claim 6, wherein the drone(s)have different power supply requirements for completion of the task(s)from the other drone(s) for completion of one or more other tasks, theother task(s) being one or more other tasks of the tasks to be completedby the multiple drones, and wherein the drone(s) requires transfer ofelectrical energy thereto in operation in order to complete the task(s)and return.
 11. A computer program product for managing available energyamong multiple drones, the computer program product comprising: acomputer readable storage medium having computer readable code embodiedtherewith, the computer readable code being executable by a processor toperform a method comprising: identifying tasks to be completed by themultiple drones; determining energy requirements of one or more dronesof the multiple drones to facilitate completing one or more tasks of thetasks to be completed by the multiple drones; identifying an energysharing approach for completion of the task(s) by the drone(s) where oneor more other drones of the multiple drones transfer energy in operationto the drone(s) to facilitate completion of the task(s); determining aroute for the multiple drones traveling, at least in part, as a coupledcollective of drones; determining individual energy requirements of eachdrone of the multiple drones to accomplish a respective task of themultiple tasks; dispatching the multiple drones as the coupledcollective of drones; and transferring energy from the other drone(s) tothe drone(s) while in transit, where the other drone(s) has excessenergy than required to accomplish the respective task(s) of the otherdrone(s).
 12. The computer program product of claim 11, wherein themethod further comprises using the energy requirements of the drone(s)and the energy requirements of the other drone(s) in identifying theenergy sharing approach, the other task(s) being one or more other tasksof the tasks to be completed by the multiple drones.
 13. The computerprogram product of claim 12, wherein the determining includesdetermining a respective route for each drone, each respective routeincluding a route portion where the multiple drones travel as a coupledcollective of drones, and the determining comprises determining energyrequirements of each drone of the multiple drones for completion of arespective task of the multiple tasks to be completed by the multipledrones.
 14. The computer program product of claim 13, wherein thedetermining further comprises determining any lifting requirements foreach drone of the multiple drones for completion of the respective taskand a total distance of each respective route of the multiple drones,and determining an expected amount of energy each drone will require forcompletion of the drone's respective task, and based thereon,identifying the energy sharing approach to facilitate transfer of energyfrom the other drone(s) to the drone(s) while in operation to facilitatecompletion of the task(s), while retaining sufficient energy forcompletion of one or more other tasks by the other drone(s), the othertask(s) being one or more other tasks of the tasks to be completed bythe multiple drones.
 15. The computer program product of claim 11,wherein the drone(s) have different power supply requirements forcompletion of the task(s) from the other drone(s) for completion of oneor more other tasks, the other task(s) being one or more other tasks ofthe tasks to be completed by the multiple drones, and wherein thedrone(s) requires transfer of electrical energy thereto in operation inorder to complete the task(s) and return.